Performing Attire For Musicians

January 1, 2012 ~ wilktone ~ Leave a comment

A short post for my first of 2012.

I’ve noticed a lot of younger musicians showing up to gigs calling for “concert black” attire wearing all black. Concert black means tuxedo for the men and formal black dress for the women. Black bow tie and cummerbund gentlemen, women should have longer dresses or skirts that go to the ankles. Other attire that working musicians might want to get a hold of include a dark jacket for coat and tie. It’s not uncommon for me to play shows where the attire is navy blue blazer, white shirt, tie, and khaki pants. Khaki pants and a golf shirt is also sometimes used for less formal shows. All black is very common, but you’ll want to avoid things like black t-shirts and black jeans, get something a little more formal. Wear appropriate shoes on the gig too. Don’t wear gym shoes unless the performance is informal.

If you don’t have these clothes yet and have aspirations to perform start accumulating them. You can find a cheap tux at any rental place if you buy one used.

Happy New Year and happy gigging!

Songbird For Saxophone Quartet

December 28, 2011March 29, 2023 ~ wilktone ~ Leave a comment

I’ve been working on more arrangements for the Lenoir Saxophone Ensemble and just finished writing a chart on Songbird, by Loonis McGlohon. I wasn’t familiar with the tune or the composer before being asked to write an arrangement of it. It’s really a beautiful tune, and has several interesting features.

The bridge is different in that it’s only 4 measures long, a little unusual but not unheard of. The opening chords for the A sections I found really fun to play with. Moving from D7#9 to EbMaj7 is an unusual progression with very colorful melody notes (F natural to G over those two chords).

Here’s a MIDI realization of my chart. I find the computer playback to be particularly unsatisfying on this arrangement. A little rubato should go a long way into making it more musical.

Here’s a video about McGlohon, the composer. It turns out there’s a North Carolina connection, as he was based in Charlotte.

Wilktone Named One of Top 5 Brass Blogs of 2011

December 22, 2011 ~ wilktone ~ 3 Comments

Brass Musician is on online magazine and forum for brass players. They have a huge number of articles and other resources for brass players and are adding more regularly. If you’re interested in bass music, you should check it out.

I have even more incentive to plug them now. They have named Wilktone as one of their top 5 brass blogs of 2011. The company my blog is sharing is august, it includes Horn Matters, the Trumpet Blog, and Horn World. I’ve linked to articles on all three of those blogs before and I recommend you check them out if you’re not already familiar with them too.

Thank you to Brass Musician for including me in their list and for the plug!

Embouchure Dystonia: Mind Over Matter?

December 12, 2011March 29, 2023 ~ wilktone ~ Leave a comment

Dr. Peter Iltis is a Professor of Kinesiology and also a horn player. After developing some serious embouchure issues Iltis was diagnosed with focal task specific dystonia of the embouchure and became interested in looking further into the subject. Gordon College’s Faculty Forum invited him to give a presentation on embouchure dystonia and posted his lecture on YouTube.

The whole lecture lasts an hour, and unless you’re interested in learning a little about neuroanatomy and kinesiology you might want to skip around. There are several highlights that I found particularly interesting or have comments about.

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Practice Reflections: Tonguing the Initial Attack

December 9, 2011 ~ wilktone ~ 1 Comment

As I mentioned last Monday, this week I’ve been revisiting focusing on my tonguing for much of my routine technique practice. In particular, I’ve been paying attention to how I tongue the initial attacks after breathing in different registers and listening carefully for the results.

I think one thing that sets off the really great players from the rest of us is they don’t get complacent with any aspect of their technique (or maybe I should say, I personally get complacent from time to time and it holds me back). In years past I’ve spent lots of trombone practice time working on not bottling up the air with my tongue just before the initial attack. When I do, the attack is too explosive sounding and doesn’t match the articulation of any subsequent attacks on the same breath. This was particularly challenging for me in the register above F4, where I would often crack the attack. These days I no longer usually split those notes on the initial attack (just sometimes, which is still too much), so I figured that I was heading in the right direction here and quit spending time daily on it. Continue reading “Practice Reflections: Tonguing the Initial Attack” →

Jay Friedman: The Early Bird Gets the Note

December 7, 2011March 29, 2023 ~ wilktone ~ 2 Comments

I just came across an online article by the Chicago Symphony Orchestra’s principle trombonist, Jay Friedman, called The Early Bird Gets the Note. Much of what he writes in it mirrors things I’ve learned from Doug Elliott and from Donald Reinhardt’s texts on embouchures. In discussing having your embouchure firmed and in place before you play a note, Friedman uses some effective analogies, including an elevator.

You wouldn’t jump off an elevator as it was coming up to a floor and you wouldn’t try to play a note before the embouchure was level with the partial that note was on. Good players get the embouchure to every note early so it can stabilize and hold the required firmness needed to let the air do it’s job. Again, I want to stress the basic principal of producing sound: a critical balance between the 3 components of tone; enough firmness in the corners of the embouchure, enough air flow to vibrate the lips, and enough seal or stability of the mouthpiece against the embouchure, OK, pressure. When these 3 things are in the correct balance no other muscle activity is needed or desired.

A lot of players want their playing to feel effortless and so minimize the above three mechanical principles to an extreme, limiting their playing. Building the muscular strength to hold the corners firm, for example, will make holding the corners in the proper position feel easier. An effortless feel results from being stronger, not looser. Reinhardt described it as, “Relax doesn’t mean collapse.”

One thing I’m not entirely certain about is Friedman’s analogy of “blowing across a straight surface.”

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Tonguing and Accuracy

December 5, 2011 ~ wilktone ~ 1 Comment

Trombonist and music educator, Dr. Rodney Lancaster, sent me a link to a short essay he wrote on tongue placement and accuracy. It’s a quick read and offers some suggestions on how to practice tongue placement. In practicing out of Claude Gordon’s bass clef book Lancaster found that working on his tongue position greatly improved his accuracy.

First, I have to offer a disclaimer. My knowledge of Gordon’s approach is second hand, I’ve never ready any of his books. I have closely followed some online discussions about Gordon that included former students of his and watched some players warm up with it, so I think I have the gist of it. That said, take my comments with a grain of salt (good advice even if I do think I know what I’m talking about).

In my opinion, Gordon’s approach overemphasizes pedal tone practice. If your pedal tone/false tone embouchure doesn’t match your normal playing embouchure you should definitely spend your time instead working on connecting your high range embouchure down and stay away from a lot of pedals. Frankly, I think there are better things for trumpet players to practice that do the same thing without risking developing multiple embouchures. Trombone players in general seem to be better able to play pedals with their normal embouchure (something about the construction of the instruments, perhaps, or maybe the size of the mouthpiece). However, trombonists sometimes change their embouchure to play pedals in which case I usually recommend they adjust their routine to connect their normal embouchure down, rather than pedal range up.

At any rate, Lancaster’s essay discusses his experience practicing Gordon’s exercises on trombone and using them to work on the position of his tongue inside his mouth.

In tonguing these arpeggios, you will teach yourself where the tongue should be placed on each given note. For example, one must tongue lower for low notes and higher for a high note. Having said that, as you practice part two, memorize (subconsciously perhaps) where you had to place the tongue for each given note. It is a type of muscle memory exercise.

Continue reading “Tonguing and Accuracy” →

Misconceptions About the Diaphragm and Another Look at Wedge Breathing

November 30, 2011March 29, 2023 ~ wilktone ~ 6 Comments

I’ve blogged a bit about some of David Vining‘s writing before. If you’re not familiar with Vining, he’s a fantastic trombonist and at one point in his career suffered from focal task specific dystonia in his embouchure. He eventually persevered and was able to make a full recovery and return to playing. Vining is an advocate of an approach where the goal is to better understand how your body moves and functions when playing so that your analogies don’t get in the way of you’re technique.

Here’s a link to a short, but excellent article Vining wrote on breathing. Specifically, he discusses how some current pedagogical practices rely on descriptions of breathing that are anatomically inaccurate and how they can lead to breathing in a way that hinders a musician’s playing. He first illustrates by linking to an excellent video that shows exactly where the diaphragm is and how it functions.

Having recently been experimenting with “wedge breathing,” I found a couple of things Vining mentions interesting, as they mirror some of the drawbacks I noticed while practicing wedge breathing.

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Haim Avitsur – Name That Tune

November 21, 2011March 29, 2023 ~ wilktone ~ Leave a comment

Israeli trombonist Haim Avitsur has a “name that tune” contest for trombonists (or anyone who knows a lot of trombone literature). Here’s a YouTube video of him performing excerpts from 25 different pieces for solo trombone and piano in 33 different cleverly edited clips. Take a listen and see how many you can recognize.

Haim writes about this contest:

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Reinhardt/Elliott Embouchure Type Conversion Chart

November 16, 2011March 27, 2023 ~ wilktone ~ 13 Comments

Donald Reinhardt was probably the first brass pedagogy author to make note of different brass embouchure types and made them an important part of his teaching. He wrote about his approach in his book, the Encyclopedia of the Pivot System (click here for a lengthy summary of what he wrote in it). In a lesson I took from Doug Elliott, a former student of Reinhardt’s, I learned a more simplified version of Reinhardt’s embouchure types. Because Reinhardt’s types are so detailed and in some cases redundant, Elliott has simplified this approach into three basic types that even a band director without a brass background can understand. I brought a copy of the Encyclopedia of the Pivot System to Doug one lesson and he pointed out to me how Reinhardt’s embouchure types can be seen as variations of the simplified three basic types. Here is a handy “conversion chart” for those of you who may be interested in learning more about Reinhardt’s pedagogy, but find it confusing to follow.

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